Проблемы литератур Дальнего Востока. Часть 2

Литературы стран Дальнего Востока и ЮВА: прошлое и настоящее Issues of Far Eastern Literatures. Vol. 1. 2018 171 the world, the importance of certain elements and their role in literature in particu- lar. This kind of specifics has been touched upon in the precious part of the paper. Besides, there is kind of specifics determining general vision expressed in a literary work or its main idea, an attitude to some phenomenon etc. To give an example, a famous Korean writer Park Gyoung-ni (1926–2008) who was also a poet, in many of her poems demonstrates a special attitude towards ani- mals as an element of Nature equally important to any other including human. In her poem, animals, birds often are a parallel image to a human, she shares dialogues with them and associates herself with them. This perception is similar to a traditional one, found in some pre-modern Korean works. One of the most representative examples of the past is poetry by Yi Gyu-bo (1168–1241) who created numerous works relating to the subject. Another principle example is a specific understanding of the role of a text as an instrument of positive influence on the world. This attitude formed in ancient times has been an important part of Korean literature and moreover, culture in general, it has been expresses and applied variously, and not always intentionally or consciously. The same may be said about contemporary litera- ture, namely poetry. Some of the authors, whose works illustrated the contents above (Jeong Hyeon-jong, Park Gyeong-ni), demonstrate this kind of vision in their poems. Conclusion The paper is an attempt to briefly summarize the main types of traditional elements used in contemporary South Korean poetry. The research does not aim to explain all the possible cases or to discuss various objectives of their usage. Literary background is only one among many other reasons why an author can use elements found in pre-modern literature. Above we tried to limit examples to some certain authors and their works while the range of names and creative modes is much wider. It is important to understand that some of the models or elements being a part of literary tradition of Korea or of the Far East in general (in this case, they usually originate in Chinese culture as Korea is a country belonging to Chinese cultural oikumene), often belong to general understanding of the world, not only literary vision, therefore their usage in a text does not necessarily follow a certain literary pattern. At the same time, a model constituting a model of the world may be applied in literature in some certain way, and contemporary poetry usually follows this tradi- tion to add new meanings to the newly created context. What is necessary to emphasize is that in contemporary literature the traditional models and patterns are introduced in a new context. They may function in a way not known by pre-modern literature, often, a special way created by the author. The